RESEARCH PAPER
Effects of wheat straw returning and potassium application rates on the physicochemical properties and lodging resistance of different stem internodes in direct-seeded rice
1
State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
2
Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
3
Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Chengdu, 610072, China
Final revision date: 2022-09-23
Acceptance date: 2022-10-10
Publication date: 2022-11-16
Corresponding author
Int. Agrophys. 2022, 36(4): 309-321
HIGHLIGHTS
- Straw returning, potassium fertilizer quantity, and their interaction effects affected rice grain yields and lodging index
- Insufficient potassium application reduced effective panicle number, grain number per panicle, and total spikelet number
- Recommended potassium fertilizer rates in the field and after straw returning are 187.5 and 125 kg ha-1, respectively
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the physicochemical properties and lodging index of different stem internodes and the yield of direct-seeded rice. Two treatments of wheat straw returning (returning and non-returning) and five potassium application rates of 0, 62.5, 125, 187.5, and 250 kg ha-1 were applied. Wheat straw returning combined with a potassium application rate of 125 kg ha-1 significantly promoted potassium accumulation, increased total soluble sugar and lignin contents, improved breaking moment, reduced the flattening rate and lodging resistance index of different internode stems, and increased the yield. Correlation analysis revealed that compared with those of the 4th and 5th internodes, potassium content and accumulation and total soluble sugar and lignin contents of the 3rd internode were significantly positively correlated with yield (r = 0.85**-0.93**) and negatively correlated with the stem flat rate and lodging index (r = -0.67*– -0.79**), which improved lodging resistance in collaboration with the 4th and 5th internodes (r = 0.82**-0.95**). Increasing potassium accumulation, total soluble sugar and lignin content, and reducing stem flatness of the 3rd stem internodes are important factors for improving lodging resistance of direct-seeded rice and may provide a basis for improving the 4th and 5th stem internodes.
FUNDING
This work was supported by the Research Program Foundation of Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China, the Cultivation of Green and Efficient Super Rice Varieties (2022ZDZX0012, 2022-2025); the Project Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China (Grant No. SKL-ZY202228, 2022-2024); the Rice Breeding Project Foundation of Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Department (Grant No. 2021YFYZ0005, 2021-2025).
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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