RESEARCH PAPER
Physical and thermal modification of selected lignocellulosic raw materials
1
Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
2
Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
3
ECOTECH-COMPLEX-Analytical and Programme Centre for Advanced Environmentally-Friendly Technologies, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Głęboka 39, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
4
Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Poznań, Wojska Polskiego 50, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
Final revision date: 2023-02-15
Acceptance date: 2023-02-24
Publication date: 2023-03-15
Corresponding author
Karol Kupryaniuk
Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612, Lublin, Poland
Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612, Lublin, Poland
Int. Agrophys. 2023, 37(2): 141-149
HIGHLIGHTS
- The aim was to determine the effect of pre-tretreatment on the physical and chemical properties and biogas efficiency of lignocellulosic raw materials. The study also relied on FTIR spectroscopy measurements to determine changes in the tested samples during the extrusion-cooking process at the molecular level occurring. The results in individual tests differed depending on the raw material used.
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The impact of the modification of the plasticizing system of the TS-45 single-screw extruder (by ZMCh Metalchem, Gliwice, Poland) with L/D = 12 is discussed in the article. The modification involved the reconfiguration of the extruder screw to achieve certain selected physical characteristics of the lignocellulosic raw materials which are not commonly used in biogas facilities. Shredded lignocellulosic raw materials (corn straw, wheat straw, and hay) were moistened to achieve a 25% water content and extruded at three rotational speeds of the extruder screw: 70, 90, and 110 rpm. During extrusion-cooking, the process efficiency and energy intensity were determined. The obtained extrudates were studied in order to establish selected physical properties (water solubility index, water absorption index and bulk density). In addition, the research included an analysis of microscopic images and the efficiency of cumulative methane and biogas production per fresh mass, dry mass, and dry organic mass. In addition, an analysis of the FTIR infrared spectra of the studied extruded samples was performed, these contained lignocellulose structures, and revealed explicit changes at the molecular level. The use of the extrusion technique as a pretreatment of the plant biomass allowed for the lignocellulosic bonds to be broken, which loosened the structure of the material and thus changed its physical properties and biogas efficiency.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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