One of the methods to improve water balance is development of the so called small retention consists mainly in the increase of the potential retention abilities of small basins. The studies and approximate calculations carried out show that treatment consisting in the increase of swampy areas, number of water pools and small water reservoirs, damming up of eroded rivers and canals, improvement of the soil structure, inhibition of outflows from melioration systems, etc. can significantly increase water supply both for the natural environment and for the economic and communal needs. Increased ability to hold water in the river basin by the methods of small retention is considered to be one of the indispensable conditions to secure balanced development. It refers specifically to agriculture and water management especially in the melioration objects connected with it.